Lab: Classifying Chemical Reactions

Reactants for each lab station are given below.

1. Predict the products and write the correct chemical formulas.
2. Balance each equation so that the number of atoms of each element is the same on both sides.
3. Write the equation out in words.
4. Write the type of reaction in the space provided.

1.      Mg +      O₂ ⟶
   
   Reaction in words:
   
   
   Type of Reaction: __________________________________
2.      Mg +      HCl ⟶
   
   Reaction in words:
   
   
   Type of Reaction: __________________________________
3.      (NH₄)₂CO₃ ⟶
   
   Reaction in words:
   
   
   Type of Reaction: __________________________________
4.      CaCO₃ +      HCl ⟶
   
   Reaction in words:
   
   
   Type of Reaction: __________________________________
5.      CuCl₂ +      Zn ⟶
   
   Reaction in words:
   
   
   Type of Reaction: __________________________________
6.      CuCl₂ +      Na₃PO₄ ⟶
   
   Reaction in words:
   
   
   Type of Reaction: __________________________________
7.      HCl +      NaOH ⟶
   
   Reaction in words:
   
   
   Type of Reaction: __________________________________
8.      C₂H₅OH +      O₂ ⟶
   
   Reaction in words:
   
   
   Type of Reaction: __________________________________

Answers

Do not look at these until you have attempted to figure them out for yourself. Use this side to check your work.

1. 2Mg(s) + O₂(g) ⟶ 2MgO(s)
   
   Magnesium metal reacts with oxygen gas to form magnesium oxide.
   
   Type of Reaction:    Synthesis   
   
   
2. Mg(s) + 2HCl(aq) ⟶ MgCl₂(aq) + H₂(g)
   
   Magnesium metal reacts with hydrochloric acid to form magnesium chloride and hydrogen gas.
   
   Type of Reaction:    Single replacement   
   
   
3. (NH₄)₂CO₃(s) ⟶ 2NH₃(g) + H₂O(g) + CO₂(g)
   
   Ammonium carbonate decomposes to form ammonia gas, water vapor, and carbon dioxide.
   
   Type of Reaction:    Decomposition   
   
   
4. CaCO₃(s) + 2HCl(aq) ⟶ CaCl₂(aq) + H₂O(l) + CO₂(g)
   
   Calcium carbonate reacts with hydrochloric acid to form calcium chloride, water, and carbon dioxide gas.
   
   Type of Reaction:    Double replacement (with gas formation)   
   
   
5. CuCl₂(aq) + Zn(s) ⟶ ZnCl₂(aq) + Cu(s)
   
   Copper(II) chloride reacts with metallic zinc to form zinc chloride and copper metal.
   
   Type of Reaction:    Single replacement   
   
   
6. 3CuCl₂(aq) + 2Na₃PO₄(aq) ⟶ 6NaCl(aq) + Cu₃(PO₄)₂(s)
   
   Copper(II) chloride reacts with sodium phosphate to form sodium chloride and solid copper(II) phosphate in a precipitation reaction.
   
   Type of Reaction:    Double replacement (with formation of insoluble solid)   
   
   
7. HCl(aq) + NaOH(aq) ⟶ NaCl(aq) + H₂O(l)
   
   Hydrochloric acid reacts with sodium hydroxide to form sodium chloride and water in an acid-base reaction.
   
   Type of Reaction:    Double replacement (acid-base)   
   
   
8. C₂H₅OH(g) + 3O₂(g) ⟶ 2CO₂(g) + 3H₂O(g)
   
   Ethanol (grain alcohol) combusts in the presence of oxygen gas to form carbon dioxide and water vapor.
   
   Type of Reaction:    Combustion