Answer all items using a complete sentence in your best,
most professional writing style. Write definitions in
such a way that someone your age who is not taking chemistry would
understand it. Do not
“Google” the answers: use the text you were
given to find the answers to the questions.
Define the following terms:
Solid
Liquid
Gas
Phase change
Temperature
Heat
Molecular stickiness
Answer the following questions with grammatical and
complete English sentences.
Can a solid be easily compressed?
How about a liquid? A gas? For each case, explain your
answer.
Do molecules change size or shape
when a substance changes phase (from solid to liquid to
gas)? Explain.
Why are gases so much lower in
density than liquids?
What is the relationship between
temperature and the phase of matter?
Desribe what happens to the molecules of a solid when it changes from a solid to a liquid. Think about both their motion and their degree of stickiness in your answer.
Desribe what happens to the molecules of a liquid when it changes from a liquid to a gas. Think about both their motion and their degree of stickiness in your answer.
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Pick the true statement from each
pair. For each incorrect sentence,
explain why it is wrong.
Solids and liquids form because molecules get stickier when they get colder.
Solids and liquids form because at low temperatures they slow down enough that their stickiness can hold them together.
Gases are compressible because the molecules or atoms of the gas get smaller when the gas is pressurized into a smaller container.
Gases are compressible because when put in a smaller container there is simply less empty space between the atoms or molecules of the gas.
Particles in a solid are in constant motion but cannot move from their position.
Particles in a solid are in constant motion and shift position frequently.
Adding heat makes atoms or molecules move faster. If they move fast enough they break the weak bonds connecting the molecules to each other.
Adding heat makes atoms or molecules less likely to stick together because the stickiness force gets weaker at a higher temperature.
What is between the particles of a gas? Draw a picture of a gas at the molecular level before you write your answer.
When liquid methane (chemical formula, CH4) boils it forms bubbles close to the source of heat which rise up to the top of the liquid and pop. What phase of matter is inside the bubbles? What substance or substances are inside the bubbles? Again, draw a molecular-scale picture before you write your answer.