Answer all items using a complete sentence in your best,
most professional writing style. Write definitions in
such a way that someone your age who is not taking chemistry would
understand it.
Define the following terms:
Atom
Molecule
Particle
Element
Compound
Ionic Compound
Molecular Compound
Homogeneous Mixture
Heterogeneous Mixture
Solid
Liquid
Gas
Answer the following questions with grammatical and
complete English sentences.
Can a solid be easily compressed?
How about a liquid? A gas? For each case, explain your
answer.
Do molecules change size or shape
when a substance changes phase (from solid to liquid to
gas)? Explain.
Why are gases so much lower in
density than liquids?
What is the relationship between
temperature and the phase of matter?
Can a gas be compressed so much it
becomes a liquid? A solid? Explain.
What is the difference between an
atom and an element?
What is the difference between a
molecule and a compound?
Identify the following items as an
element, compound, or mixture. Their chemical formulas are
given to help you out.
Sugar (C6H12O6)
Phosphorous (P4)
Battery Acid (H2SO4)
Air (N2
& O2 &
Ar & CO2)
Oxygen (O2)
Milk (C6H12O6
& H2O &
C50H102O3…)
Gold (Au)
Drain Cleaner (Al
& NaOH)
Sodium (Na)
Water (H2O)
Salt Water (NaCl &
H2O)
Brass (Zn &
Cu)
Pick the true statement from each
of the following pairs. For each incorrect sentence,
explain why it is wrong.
Two or more atoms held together with bonds make
up a molecule.
Two or more substances mixed together make up a
compound.
Pure substances are made of just one type of
atom or two or more types of atom in a specific
ratio.
Pure substances are made of only one type of
atom.
At least two types of atoms are required to
make a compound.
At least two types of atoms are required to
make a molecule.
Mixtures can be made of two elements, two
compounds or an element and a compound.
Compounds can be made of two elements, two
mixtures, or an element and a mixture.
Ionic compounds are made of at least two different ions: one positive ion and one negative ion. Solid ionic compounds form a network of ions with opposite charges alternating with one another. For a compound such as CaCl2 a small piece of the material may have hundreds, thousands, or millions of atoms but always there are twice as many chlorine atoms as calcium atoms. Some say ionic compounds do not form molecules. Based on this description, is it true to say there are no molecules of an ionic compound? Explain.