AP Chemistry Syllabus 2022 - 2023

Website: http://kaffee.50webs.com/Science       E-mail: akeller [at] scarboroughschools . org

Course Overview Documents

Course Learning Targets
Digital Textbook

FIO Class Motto
Late Work
How to Study for AP Chemistry
Why to Study for AP Chemistry
Advice of Former Students to New Students
Exam Wrapper
Lab Safety Rules
Lab Notebook Information
Lab Report Writing Information (html)
Real Life Chemistry Assignments
Doing Science
Extension Labs: Beyond Basic Chemistry
AP Chemistry Summer Work 2022
Personal Introduction Essay (doc)
Expectations regarding Problem Sets and Free Response Question packets

Videos that May Help
Chemistry: Challenges and Solutions from The Annennberg Foundation
Crash Course Chemistry (all videos)

Links

Periodic Table (PDF) from http://www.webelements.com/
Periodic Table Image suitable for printing
Periodic Table colored by groups from http://www.chemicool.com/
A Reference Sheet of Common Atomic and Polyatomic Ions
Alternate Ions Reference Handout
Examples of Chemistry Problems
Vapor Pressure of Water Data
A fully-functional scientific calculator for chemistry including a table of useful constants.
A Partial Bibliography of works consulted
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Goals

The College Board AP Chemistry Course Description states that the “course is designed to be the equivalent of the general chemistry course usually taken during the first college year.” Therefore I have adopted the following goals for this course:

Instructional Techniques and Assessment

Grades in the course will be broken down as follows:
                Tests: 40% (1 per quarter)
                Quizzes: 30% (4 - 6 per quarter)
                Labs: 25% (6 - 7 2-hr labs per quarter)
                Homework: 5%

The schedule at the end of this introductory material shows what to expect for each unit. Specific dates are approximate. The number of hours of class time for each unit is indicated as a goal.

The work for each unit will begin with an assignment to read the assigned sections of the textbook and to work out on paper the solutions to the Practice Exercises in the text. This is a homework assignment and will be checked for completeness. Questions will be addressed in class during lectures.

A tip about reading textbooks: they are not novels. In a novel you typically read a passage once with full comprehension. The action carries you forward through the text. Textbooks build sequentially in each chapter and you will at times need to read a section several times—and work through its examples on paper— before you can move on to the next section. Be self-aware and check in with yourself: Did I understand that passage? Could I solve problems based on it?

Class time will be used for lectures, group work, and labs. Every unit has a Problem Set. Do the assigned problems from the syllabus for each unit. Problems are found at the end of each chapter in the text. On the day the Problem Set is due it will be checked for completeness. Student questions will be handled in class by a combination of class discussion and additional practice. Solving problems is the best way to learn and understand the course material. The problems are a tool you will use to learn new material: you will not immediately know how to solve each problem no matter how well you pay attention and take notes in class.

Plan ahead and leave yourself enough time to work through things you don’t understand. Do not wait until the night before the Problem Set is due to begin work. There are three ways to approach getting your problem set done. Get it done by…

  1. working independently to solve the problems using only your brain, the text, a calculator and paper and pencil.
  2. working in study groups outside of class to help one another to solve the problems. Use this time not to copy another student’s solution but to compare notes about the best way to get to a solution.
  3. coming to your teacher during Advisory to work on problems so that you can check solutions and ask questions.

Problem sets will be given a homework grade based on completion. To show completion you must write something for every problem.

Lab Assignments are written work that may take either of two forms. A formal lab report is a multi-page report requiring specific content and layout. Another type of lab assignment will consist entirely of answering designated pre-lab and post-lab questions in a typed document. This second type of assignment will be weighted at the equivalent of one half the weight of a formal report.

Unless specifically given as group work all lab assignments must be done by each individual student. Students may not work together, may not share answers, and may not copy one another’s work.




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The date of the Homework Quiz will be set whenever we begin a new unit. The Homework Quiz will draw on problems directly from your homework and will be short.

Test dates will be near the end of each quarter. Tests will be comprehensive and will be designed to be completed in one hour.


Metacognition

The purpose of every academic class is to learn new concepts, master new skills, and to deepen your understanding of the world. The purpose of the class is not to get the assignments done. The assignments are tools to enable learning and practice and simply getting them done without learning anything will be counterproductive.

It is important that you evaluate yourself frequently as you work to find out what you have learned. Try repeating to yourself the contents of class discussions. Even better, go over the concepts and problem-solving techniques with your study group: communicating something you have learned forces you to organize your thoughts about it. When you do so, you learn it better yourself. This is true also about writing in the course. Your lab reports and the answers to lab questions are learning opportunities. When you explain what you have learned in writing you often find that you have not learned it as well as you thought you did. Go back and learn it properly and your writing will improve.

In this course our motto is FIO (an acronym that I leave to the reader: you will figure it out if you think about it for a bit).


We will spend time in this course developing your mental math skills. The multiple-choice portion of the AP Chemistry Exam must be done without calculators.


Recitation

One of the most important ways to improve your grade in my class is to do well on tests and quizzes. In order to encourage you to come in for help with your preparation I will offer 5% in extra credit points on a quiz if you come in at least once to study in my room during AEAST and actively ask me questions. You must do this at least one full day before the quiz date. This is a great opportunity to get together with friends to come in and ask questions and study together.


Texts

Primary textbook: Chemistry: The Central Science, 13th edition, Brown, LeMay, Bursten, Murphy, Woodward, & Stoltzfus. Pearson Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ, 2015.
Laboratory Experiments for Advanced Placement Chemistry, 2nd edition, Sally Ann Vonderbrink, Ph.D., Flinn Scientific, Inc., Batavia, IL, 2006.
POGIL Activities for High School Chemistry, Laura Trout, editor. Flinn Scientific, Inc. ©2012
Supplementary Materials available on instructor’s web site (http://kaffee.50webs.com/Science/).


Quotes from Students


“I think this class has made me more of a self-driven learner. Before this year if I was stuck on a problem I would often wait for the teacher to explain it, but now I take the time and do the work to figure it out on my own. I think this has really improved my learning.”

“I’ve had to manage my time a lot more and focus on what I have the most trouble on, rather than everything. I am a more effective worker and problem solver because of it.”

“This class has made me realize that some subjects are most effectively learned—or even must be learned—simply by applying new concepts through trial and error (e.g., in the problem sets). I have become a more patient learner because of this class, more willing to blunder around in the dark until things make sense, and more appreciative of the time it takes to develop true understanding.”

“Success in fields like Chemistry has less to do with how many facts you can just rote memorize and more with a willingness to study, think about, and eventually understand fundamental systems.”

“This class has changed me as a student because it has strengthened my ability to solve problems. I have developed new strategies involving looking at problems from different angles and writing down everything I know first. This has carried through to my other classes”

“This course has pushed me to the breaking point. There have been times where I wanted to drop down a level. But through these moments, I learned perseverance. I also learned how to think analytically and really learned to appreciate this class separate from the grades.”




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Schedule

First Quarter
Date and Topic Text Information
incl. Problems
Lab(s) Work that is Due
Matter and Measurement
Dimensional Analysis, Scientific Notation, Significant Figures, Density, Temperature


Atomic Structure :
Basics of Atomic Theory

Chapter 1
Problem Set: 13 17 19 23 26 28 31 34 35 39 41 42 43 44 48 53 57 63 73 78 84


Chapter 2: 2.1 - 2.5
Problem Set: 11 13 15 20 25 26 28 30 34 39 41 43 96
One or more of the following:
Lab Equipment Scavenger Hunt
Lab: Observing a Candle
Sample Images for Observing a Candle
Lab: Measurement and Variation
Precision vs. Accuracy
Density Lab
Ch. 01 Practice Exercises
Ch. 01 Problem Set
Ch. 02 Part I Practice Exercises
Ch. 02 Part I Problem Set

Summer Work Quiz

Candle Lab Formal Report
Molecules, Ions and Naming Compounds
a.k.a., Chemical Nomenclature

Read sections 2.6 - 2.9
Problem Set: 45 46 51 53 56 57 58 59 61 63 65 67 69 71 73 75 77 80 81 82 86 100 104 107 110

Useful Nomenclature Resources:

Here is a big-picture flow-chart to help you determine whether a compound is ionic or molecular and how to name it no matter what it is. It is available as a PDF download at this link: Inorganic Nomenclature Flow Chart. A useful reference for ion names is the ions reference sheet I created.
Alternate Ions Reference Handout

Useful links from ChemTeam.info:
Cations/Anions List
Nomenclature Basics
How to Name Cations
How to Name Anions
Big Picture Flowchart for Compounds

No labs; concentrate on being able to name formulas and write formulas for names Ch. 02, Part II Practice Exercises
Ch. 02 Part II, Problem Set
POGIL: Naming Ionic Compounds
POGIL: Polyatomic Ions
POGIL: Naming Acids
Ch. 01/Ch. 02 Part I Quiz
Stoichiometry: Atomic Mass, the Mole, Percent Composition, Chemical Equations Chapter 3
Problem Set: 9 11 12 15 16 20 21 23 26 29 33 35 39 43 45 47 49 51 53 54 55 56 60 61 64 65 68 69 71 72 73 75 78 79 87 82 83 85 89 96 106 110
Instructions for the Bunsen Burner
Lab: Paint Pigments
Ch. 03 Practice Exercises
POGIL: Empirical Formulas
POGIL: Combustion Analysis

Ch. 03 Problem Set
Paint Pigment Post-lab
Ch. 03 Homework Quiz
Reaction Types & Rxns in Solution: Water, Solutions, Acid/Base, Redox
Chapter 4
Problem Set: Ch 4: 6 8 13 15 17 21 23 25 29 31 33 35 37 39 43 45 49 51 53 55 57 59 61 63 65 73 75 77 79 82 83 86 90 91 95 97 105 108
Supplemental Material:
POGIL: Types of Chemical Reactions
POGIL: Net Ionic Equations
Predicting Products of Chemical Reactions
Net Ionic Equations Practice
Demonstration: Dancing Flames
Lab: Acid-Base Titration

Alternative Lab Choice:
Analysis by Gravimetry

Ch. 04 Practice Exercises
Ch. 04 Problem Set
POGIL: Net Ionic Equations
Net Ionic Equations Practice
Solutions to Net Ionic Equations
Midweek: Acid-base Titration Lab Pre-lab
Ch. 10 Practice Exercises
Acid-base Titration Lab Report
Ch. 04 Quiz
Gases: Pressure, Gas Laws, Gas Phase Rxns, Partial Pressures, Kinetic-Molecular Theory Chapter 10
Problem Set: 1 10 13 17 20 23 26 29 33 38 41 44 46 47 49 50 52 53 56 59 61 64 65 67 70 72 73 75 76 81 84 99 106 123
Supplementary Material:
POGIL: “Partial Pressures”
Demo: Preparation and Properties of Hydrogen Gas
Lab: Boyle’s Law with Vernier Probes Ch. 10 Practice Exercises
POGIL: Partial Pressures
Ch. 10 Problem Set
Boyle’s Law Lab Questions
Ch. 10 Quiz
Quarter 1 Test



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Second Quarter
Topic
and Time
Text Information
incl. Problems
Lab(s) Work that is Due
Thermochemistry: Energy, Enthalpy, Calorimetry, Hess’s Law
Chapter 5
Problem Set: 3 4 7 15 17 19 23 24 25 27 30 33 39 44 47 49 51 54 56 59 63 65 66 67 70 71 74 76 85
Supplementary Materials:
POGIL: “Calorimetry”
POGIL: “Heats of Formation”
Calorimetry Calculations
Calorimetry Lab
Demo: Dehydration of Sugar Student Worksheet
Demo: Boiling Acetone at Reduced Pressure Student Worksheet
Ch. 5 Practice Exercises
POGIL: Calorimetry
POGIL: Heats of Formation
Ch. 5 Problem Set
Ch. 5 Quiz
Electronic Structure of Atoms: EM Radiation, Atomic Spectra, Quantum Mechanics, Orbitals Chapter 6
Problem Set: 2 7 13 15 19 22 26 29 34 37 39 44 47 49 53 55 60 62 66 70 73 75 77 84 85 102 105
Supplementary Materials:
POGIL: “Photoelectron Spectroscopy”
Pre-lab: Flame Tests due on the first day of the lab
Lab: Flame Tests
Pre-lab: Atomic Emission lamps due on the day of the lab
Lab: Atomic Emission Lamps
Ch. 6 Practice Exercises
Atomic Emission Pre-lab
Flame Test Lab
POGIL: Photoelectron Spectroscopy
Atomic Emission Post-lab
Ch. 6 Problem Set
Ch. 6 Quiz
Periodic Trends: Development of the Periodic Table, Effective Nuclear Charge, Ion and Atom Size, Ionization Energy, Electron Affinity, Group Trends Chapter 7
Problem Set: 1 4 7 12 13 14 17 19 22 23 26 28 31 35 37 39 42 45 48 51 52 55 58 59 61 62 66 69 73 78 91 111
Supplementary Materials:
POGIL: “Periodic Trends”
POGIL: “Advanced Periodic Trends”
YouTube Playlist about the Periodicity of the Properties of Elements
   Ch. 7 Practice Exercises
POGIL: Advanced Periodic Trends
Ch. 7 Problem Set
Ch. 7 Quiz
Chemical Bonding: Ionic, Covalent, Metallic; Lewis Structures, Electronegativity Chapter 8
Problem Set: 9 12 15 18 22 24 26 33 35 38 39 42 45 47 48 49 51 53 55 59 62 63 64 68 70 71 74 94 110
Supplementary Materials:
POGIL: “Bond Energy”
POGIL: “Molecular Geometry”
Activity: Lewis Diagrams
Lewis Diagrams: Molecules to Draw
Solutions for the Molecules to Draw exercises
Home-Inquiry: Crystals
Slime! (Glurch and Oobleck)
Ch. 8 Practice Exercises
POGIL: Properties of Covalent Bonds
POGIL: Types of Bonds
POGIL: Lattice Energy
Ch. 8 Problem Set

Ch. 8 Quiz
Molecular Structure and Polarity: VSEPR, 3-D structure of molecules, molecular polarity Chapter 9.1 - 9.6
Problem Set: 14 15 17 20 23 25 26 27 30 33a 35 38 40 43 45 51 52 55 58 61 66
Supplementary Materials:
VSEPR Shapes with PhET Simulator
Lewis Diagrams and VSEPR Shapes
Solutions to the above exercises
Table of VSEPR Shapes and Modifications
Building Models (hands-on covalent bonding activity) Ch. 9 Practice Exercises

Ch. 9 Problem Set
Molecules Shapes with PhET

Quarter 2 Test
(chapters 5 - 9)

Midterm



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Third Quarter
Topic
and Time
Text Information
incl. Problems
Lab(s) Work that is Due
Solids and Solutions: Intermolecular Forces and Phase Changes
Chapter 11.1-11.6 and Chapter 12 section 12.1, 12.2 "Crystalline and Amorphous Solids", 12.3 first 3 paragraphs plus "Alloys", 12.4 first 5 paragraphs, 12.5 first 2 paragraphs, 12.6, and 12.7 first 4 paragraphs
Problem Set: Ch. 11: 9 11 14 15 16 19 22 2428 30 33 36 38 39 41 43 46 49 52 53 54 58 60 63 64
Ch. 12: 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 37 38 45 117

Heat and Temperature in Phase Changes
Heat and Temperature in Phase Changes (infographic only)
POGIL: Types of Solids
Demo: Boiling
  Ch. 11/12 Practice Exercises
POGIL: Types of Solids

Ch. 11/12 Problem Set


Ch. 11/12 Quiz
Solutions: Energy of Solution Formation, Vapor Pressure, Colligative Properties
Chapter 13
Problem Set: 9 14 17 19 22 23 26 29 33 35 36 38 39 42 43 46 48 51 54 56 57 61 66 69 74 77 79 82 110
Supplemental Materials:
Group Activity: Graphing Solubility
Freezing Point Depression
Salty Ice and Fresh Ice Cream
Boiling Point Elevation
Demo: Freezing Point Depression
Demo: Heat of Solution
Mini-lab: Solution Dilution Calculation
Real Life Chemistry of Marshmallows
Ch. 13 Practice Exercises

Ch. 13 Problem Set


Ch. 13 Quiz
Kinetics: Reaction Rates, Rate Laws, Integrated Rate Laws, Reaction Mechanisms
Chapter 14
Problem Set: 2 3 5 9 10 13 17 18 21 24 25 28 33 36 39 42 43 49 50 51 55 58 59 60 61 63 65 68 69 71 73 75 79 83 87
Chemical Kinetics Formula Reference
Demonstration: Introduction to Reaction Rates
Spectrophotometric Determination of a Rate Law Ch. 14 Practice Exercises
POGIL: “Rates of Reaction”

POGIL: “Method of Initial Rates”

Ch. 14 Problem Set

Spectrophotokinetics Lab Questions

Ch. 14 Quiz

February Break
Equilibrium: Equilibrium Constant, Gas Equilibria, Le Châtelier’s Principle Chapter 15
Problem Set:1 3 6 8 10 11 13 16 17 24 25 29 32 34 37 41 42 44 46 51 54 57 58 61 64 65 67 73 84 94
Supplementary Materials:
Thermodynamic vs. Kinetic Stability
POGIL: “Reaction Quotient”
Supplemental Equil. problems
Lab: Equilibrium Constant for a Metal-complex Ion
Organizational Tables for the Equilibrium Lab
Ch. 15 Practice Exercises
POGIL: “Reaction Quotient”

Ch. 15 Problem Set
Supplemental Equilibrium Problems
Formal Report for Equilibrium Constant Lab

Ch. 15 Quiz



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Third Quarter, cont.
Topic
and Time
Text Information
incl. Problems
Lab(s) Work that is Due
Acids and Bases: Nature, Strength, pH Scale, Polyprotic Acids, Salts, Lewis Acids
Chapter 16
Problems Set: 1 2 3 8 13 15 18 22 23 26 28 29 31 33 35 37 43 46 49 52 55 59 62 67 68 71 74 75 79 85 87 88 91 92 95 98 105 117
Supplementary Materials:
POGIL: “Acids and Bases”
POGIL: “Strong vs. Weak Acids”
POGIL: “Strength of Acids”
  Ch. 16 Practice Exercises
POGIL: “Acids and Bases”
POGIL: “Strong vs. Weak Acids”

Ch. 16 Problem Set
POGIL: “Strength of Acids”

Ch. 16 Quiz
AP FRQ Review #1

Ch. 17 Practice Exercises

Quarter 3 Test
(chapters 11 - 16)
More About Equilibria: Common Ion Effects, Buffers, pH Curves, Indicators, Solubility Equilibria Chapter 17
Problem Set: 2 3 5 11 13 15 18 19 22 23 26 29 32 34 35 38 43 46 49 52 53 56 62 63 68 69 73 89 100
Supplementary Materials:
POGIL: “Common Ion Effect on Acid Ionization”
POGIL: “Common Ion Effect on Solubility”
Lab: Choosing an Acid-Base Indicator
Demonstration: Bromothymol Blue Acid-Base Indicator
Ch. 17 Practice Exercises
POGIL: “Common Ion Effect on Acid Ionization”
POGIL: “Reaction Quotient”
Ch. 17 Problem Set

Choosing an Indicator (pH Titration) Lab Post-lab

Ch. 17 Quiz

AP FRQ Review #2
Score/Correct AP FRQ Review #1

Fourth Quarter
Topic
and Time
Text Information
incl. Problems
Lab(s) Work that is Due
Thermodynamics: Free Energy, Entropy, Spontaneity of Chemical Reactions, Work Chapter 19
Problem Set: 1 4 8 10 12 16 19 24 25 28 29 32 36 37 42 43 45 53 58 59 62 65 72 75 77 80 81 83 116
Demo: Thermite
 Demo: Entropy and Probability
Thermodynamic vs. Kinetic Stability
Ch. 19 Practice Exercises
Score/Correct AP FRQ Review #2
AP FRQ Review #3
Score/Correct AP FRQ Review #3
AP FRQ Review #4
Ch. 19 Problem Set
Ch. 19 Quiz
Electrochemistry: Galvanic Cells, Reduction Potentials, Thermodynamics of Electrochemistry, Batteries, Corrosion, Electrolysis Chapter 20
Problem Set: 1 3 5 13 14 15 18 19 21 29 30 32 34 36 37 40 43 45 48 51 55 58 60 62 65 68 75 84 85 91 92 93 110
Supplementary Materials:
POGIL: “Oxidation and Reduction”
POGIL: “The Activity Series”
POGIL: “Electrochemical Cell Voltage”
Demo: Copper to Silver to Gold
Electrochemical Cells and Electroplating (Flinn Kit) Ch. 20 Practice Exercises
POGIL: “Oxidation and Reduction”
POGIL: “The Activity Series”
POGIL: “Electrochemical Cell Voltage”
Score/Correct AP FRQ Review #4
Full Length Practice Test 1, with scoring
Ch. 20 Problem Set
Full Length Practice Test 2, with scoring
Ch. 20 quiz The AP Chemistry Exam is scheduled to be in person in school at 12 pm on Monday, May 1, 2023



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Fourth Quarter, cont.
Topic
and Time
Text Information
incl. Problems
Lab(s) Work that is Due
Supplemental Reading Assignment
Organic Chemistry
Supplemental Materials
Electrostatic Potential Maps
 Lab: Soap Making
Lab: Cyanotypes
Lab: Ice Cream
Demonstration of NI3
 
Organic Chemistry
Ch. 1 Introduction and Review
Problem Set is noted within your handout   Homework Quiz
Organic Chemistry
Ch. 2 Structure and Properties of Organic Molecules
Problem Set is noted within your handout Lab: Silver Mirror Homework Quiz
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